B Pharmacy 1st Semester New Syllabus PDF Download

Theory (PT -105)

Unit – 1

• Introduction to human body: Definition and scope of anatomy and physiology, levels of structural organization and body systems, basic life processes, homeostasis, basic anatomical terminology.
• Cellular level of organization: Structure and functions of cell, transport across cell membrane, cell division, cell junctions. General principles of cell communication, intracellular signaling pathway activation by extracellular signal molecule, Forms of intracellular signaling: a) Contact-dependent b) Paracrine c) Synaptic d) Endocrine
• Tissue level of organization: Classification of tissues, structure, location and functions of epithelial, muscular and nervous and connective tissues.

Unit – 2

• Integumentary system: Structure and functions of skin
• Skeletal system: Divisions of skeletal system, types of bone, salient features and functions of bones of axial and appendicular skeletal system Organization of skeletal muscle, physiology of muscle contraction, neuromuscular junction
• Joints: Structural and functional classification, types of joints movements and its articulation

Unit – 3

• Body fluids and blood: Body fluids, composition and functions of blood, hemopoeisis, formation of hemoglobin, anemia, mechanisms of coagulation, blood grouping, Rh factors, transfusion, its significance and disorders of blood, Reticulo endothelial system.
• Lymphatic system: Lymphatic organs and tissues, lymphatic vessels, lymph circulation and functions of lymphatic system

Unit – 4

• Peripheral nervous system: Classification of peripheral nervous system: Structure and functions of sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous system.
• Origin and functions of spinal and cranial nerves.
• Special senses: Structure and functions of eye, ear, nose and tongue and their disorders.

Unit – 5

• Cardiovascular system
• Heart – anatomy of heart, blood circulation, blood vessels, structure and functions of artery, vein and capillaries, elements of conduction system of heart and heart beat, its regulation by autonomic nervous system, cardiac output, cardiac cycle. Regulation of blood pressure, pulse, electrocardiogram and disorders of heart.

Practical (PT- 195)

I) Study of the compound microscope.

II) Microscopic study of the epithelial and connective tissue.

III) Microscopic details study of the muscular and nervous tissues.

IV) Identification of the axial bones.

V) Identifications of the apendicular bones.

VI) Introduction to hemocytometry.

VII) Enumeration of the WBC (white blood cell) count.

VIII) Enumeration of the RBC (red blood cell) count.

IX) Determination of the bleeding time.

X) Determination of the clotting time.

XI) Estimation of the hemoglobin content.

XII) Determination of the blood group.

XIII) Determination of ESR (erythrocyte sedimentation rate).

XIV) Determination of the Heart rate and pulse rate.

XV) Recording of the blood pressure.

PHARMACEUTICAL ANALYSIS SYLLABUS

Theory (PT -101)

Unit – 1

• (a) Pharmaceutical analysis- Definition and scope
• i) Different techniques of analysis
• ii) Methods of expressing concentration
• iii) Primary and secondary standards.
• iv) Preparation and standardization of various molar and normal solutions Oxalic acid, sodium hydroxide, hydrochloric acid, sodium thiosulphate, sulphuric acid, potassium permanganate and ceric ammonium sulphate
• (b)Errors: Sources of errors, types of errors, methods of minimizing errors, accuracy, precision and significant figures
• (c) Pharmacopoeia, Sources of impurities in medicinal agents, limit tests.

Unit – 2

• Acid base titration: Theories of acid base indicators, classification of acid base titrations and theory involved in titrations of strong, weak, and very weak acids and bases, neutralization curves
• Non aqueous titration: Solvents, acidimetry and alkalimetry titration and estimation of Sodium benzoate and Ephedrine HCl

Unit – 3

• Precipitation titrations: Mohr’s method, Volhard’s, Modified Volhard’s, Fajans method, estimation of sodium chloride.
• Complexometric titration: Classification, metal ion indicators, masking and demasking reagents, estimation of Magnesium sulphate, and calcium gluconate.
• Gravimetry: Principle and steps involved in gravimetric analysis. Purity of the precipitate: co-precipitation and post precipitation, Estimation of barium sulphate.
• Basic Principles, methods and application of diazotisation titration.

Unit – 4

• Redox titrations
• (a) Concepts of oxidation and reduction
• (b) Types of redox titrations (Principles and applications) Cerimetry, Iodimetry, Iodometry, Bromatometry, Dichrometry, Titration with potassium iodate

Unit – 5

• Electrochemical methods of analysis
• Conductometry- Introduction, Conductivity cell, Conductometric titrations, applications.
• Potentiometry – Electrochemical cell, construction and working of reference (Standard hydrogen, silver chloride electrode and calomel electrode) and indicator electrodes (metal electrodes and glass electrode), methods to determine end point of potentiometric titration and applications.
• Polarography – Principle, Ilkovic equation, construction and working of dropping mercury electrode and rotating platinum electrode, applications

Practical (PT- 191)

1. Limit Test of the following:- (a) Chloride, (b) Sulphate, (c) Iron, (d) Arsenic

2. Preparation and Standardization of:-

• Sodium hydroxide
• Sulphuric acid
• Sodium thiosulphate
• Potassium permanganate
• Ceric ammonium sulfate

3. Assay of different compounds along with standardization of titrant:-

• Ammonium chloride by acid-base titration
• Ferrous sulfate by Cerimetry
• Copper sulfate by Iodometry
• Calcium gluconate by complexometry titration
• Hydrogen peroxide by permanganometry
• Sodium benzoate by non-aqueous titration
• Sodium Chloride by precipitation titration

4. Determination of Normality by electro-analytical methods:-

• Conductometric titration of strong acid against the strong base
• Conductometric titration of strong acid and weak acid against the strong base
• Potentiometric titration of strong acid against the strong base

PHARMACEUTICS 1 SYLLABUS

Theory (PT -106)

Unit – 1

• Historical background and development of profession of pharmacy: History of profession of Pharmacy in India in relation to pharmacy education, industryand organization, Pharmacy as a career, Pharmacopoeias: Introduction to IP, BP, USP and Extra Pharmacopoeia.
• Dosage forms: Introduction to dosage forms, classification and definitions
• Prescription: Definition, Parts of prescription, handling of Prescription and Errors in prescription.
• Posology: Definition, Factors affecting posology. Pediatric dose calculations based on age, body weight and body surface area.

Unit – 2

• Pharmaceutical calculations: Weights and measures – Imperial & Metric system, Calculations involving percentage solutions, alligation, proof spirit and isotonic solutions based on freezing point and molecular weight.
• Powders: Definition, classification, advantages and disadvantages,Simple & compound powders – official preparations, dusting powders, effervescent, efflorescent and hygroscopic powders, eutectic mixtures. Geometric dilutions.
• Liquid dosage forms: Advantages and disadvantages of liquid dosage forms.
• Excipients used in formulation of liquid dosage forms. Solubility enhancement techniques

Unit – 3

• Monophasic liquids: Definitions and preparations of Gargles, Mouthwashes, Throat Paint, Eardrops, Nasal drops, Enemas, Syrups, Elixirs, Liniments and Lotions.
• Biphasic liquids: Suspension and Emulsions
• Suspensions: Definition, advantages and disadvantages, classifications, Preparation of suspensions; Flocculated and Deflocculated suspension & stability problems and methods to overcome.
• Emulsions: Definition, classification, emulsifying agent, test for the identification of type of Emulsion, Methods of preparation & stability problems and methods to overcome

Unit – 4

• Suppositories: Definition, types, advantages and disadvantages, types of bases, methods of preparations. Displacement value & its calculations, evaluation of suppositories.
• Pharmaceutical incompatibilities: Definition, classification, physical, chemical and therapeutic incompatibilities with examples.

Unit – 5

• Semisolid dosage forms: Definitions, classification, mechanisms and factors influencing dermal penetration of drugs. Preparation of ointments, pastes, creams and gels. Excipients used in semi solid dosage forms. Evaluation of semi solid dosages forms

Practical (PT- 196)

I. Syrups:- (i) Syrup IP’66 (ii) Compound syrup of ferrous phosphate BPC’68

II. Elixirs:- (i) Piperazine citrate elixir (ii) Paracetamol pediatrics elixir

III. Linctus:- (i) Terpin Hydrate Linctus IP’66 (ii) Iodine Throat Paint (Mandles Paint)

IV. Solutions:- (i) Strong solutions of ammonium acetate (ii) Cresol with a soap solution (iii) Lugol’s solution

V. Suspensions:- (i) Calamine lotion (ii) Magnesium Hydroxide Mixture (iii) Aluminium Hydroxide Gel

VI. Emulsions:- (i) Turpentine Liniment (ii) Liquid paraffin emulsion

VII. Powders and Granules:- (i) ORS powder (WHO) (ii) Effervescent granules (iii) Dusting powder (iv) Divided powder

VIII. Suppositories:- (i) Glycerol gelatin suppository (ii) Coca butter suppository (iii) Zinc oxide suppository

IX. Semisolids:- 1) Sulphur Ointment, 2) Staining-iodine ointment with the methyl salicylate, 3) Carbonyl Gel

X. Gargles and Mouthwashes:- (i) Iodine gargle (ii) Chlorhexidine mouthwash

PHARMACEUTICAL INORGANIC CHEMISTRY SYLLABUS

Theory (PT -103)

Unit – 1

• Impurities in pharmaceutical substances: History of Pharmacopoeia, Sources and types of impurities, principle involved in the limit test for Chloride, Sulphate, Iron, Arsenic, Lead and Heavy metals, modified limit test for Chloride and Sulphate
• General methods of preparation, assay for the compounds superscripted with asterisk (*), properties and medicinal uses of inorganic compounds belonging to the following classes

Unit – 2

• Acids, Bases and Buffers: Buffer equations and buffer capacity in general, buffers in pharmaceutical systems, preparation, stability, buffered isotonic solutions, measurements of tonicity, calculations and methods of adjusting isotonicity.
• Major extra and intracellular electrolytes: Functions of major physiological ions, Electrolytes used in the replacement therapy: Sodium chloride, Potassium chloride, Calcium gluconate and Oral Rehydration Salt (ORS), Physiological acid base balance.
• Dental products: Dentifrices, role of fluoride in the treatment of dental caries, Desensitizing agents, Calcium carbonate, Sodium fluoride, and Zinc eugenol cement.

Unit – 3

• Gastrointestinal agents
• Acidifiers: Ammonium chloride* and Dil. HCl
• Antacid: Ideal properties of antacids, combinations of antacids, Sodium Bicarbonate, Aluminum hydroxide gel, Magnesium hydroxide mixture Cathartics: Magnesium sulphate, Sodium orthophosphate, Kaolin and Bentonite Antimicrobials: Mechanism, classification, Potassium permanganate, Boric acid, Hydrogen peroxide, Chlorinated lime*, Iodine and its preparations

Unit – 4

• Miscellaneous compounds
• Expectorants: Potassium iodide, Ammonium chloride. Emetics: Copper sulphate, Sodium potassium tartarate
• Haematinics: Ferrous sulphate, Ferrous gluconate Poison and Antidote: Sodium thiosulphate, Activated charcoal, Sodium nitrite333
• Astringents: Zinc Sulphate, Potash Alum

Unit – 5

• Radiopharmaceuticals: Radioactivity, Measurement of radioactivity, Properties of α, β, γ radiations, Half life, radio isotopes and study of radio isotopes – Sodium iodide I131, Storage conditions, precautions & pharmaceutical application of radioactive substances.

Practical (PT- 193)

1. Limit tests for following ions

• Limit test for Chlorides and Sulphates
• Modified limit test for Chlorides and Sulphates
• Limit test for Irons
• Limit test for Heavy metals
• Limit test for Lead
• Limit test for Arsenic

2. Identification test

• Magnesium Hydroxide
• Ferrous Sulphate
• Sodium Bicarbonate
• Calcium Gluconate
• Copper Sulphate

3. Test for Purity

• Swelling Power of Bentonite.
• Neutralizing capacity of aluminum hydroxide gel.
• Determine if the potassium iodate & iodine in potassium iodide Solutions.

4. Preparation of Inorganic Pharmaceuticals

• Boric Acid
• Potash Alum
• Ferrous Sulphate

COMMUNICATION SKILLS SYLLABUS

Theory (HU- 181)

Unit – 1

• Communication Skills: Introduction, Definition, The Importance of Communication, The Communication Process – Source, Message, Encoding, Channel, Decoding, Receiver, Feedback, Context
• Barriers to communication: Physiological Barriers, Physical Barriers, Cultural Barriers, Language Barriers, Gender Barriers, Interpersonal Barriers, Psychological Barriers, Emotional barriers
• Perspectives in Communication: Introduction, Visual Perception, Language, Other factors affecting our perspective – Past Experiences, Prejudices, Feelings, Environment

Unit – 2

• Elements of Communication: Introduction, Face to Face Communication – Tone of Voice, Body Language (Non-verbal communication), Verbal Communication, Physical Communication
• Communication Styles: Introduction, The Communication Styles Matrix with example for each – Direct Communication Style, Spirited Communication Style, Systematic Communication Style, Considerate Communication Style

Unit – 3

• Basic Listening Skills: Introduction, Self-Awareness, Active Listening, Becoming an Active Listener, Listening in Difficult Situations
• Effective Written Communication: Introduction, When and When Not to Use Written Communication – Complexity of the Topic, Amount of Discussion’ Required, Shades of Meaning, Formal Communication
• Writing Effectively: Subject Lines, Put the Main Point First, Know Your Audience, Organization of the Message

Unit – 4

• Interview Skills: Purpose of an interview, Do’s and Dont’s of an interview
• Giving Presentations: Dealing with Fears, Planning your Presentation, Structuring Your Presentation, Delivering Your Presentation, Techniques of Delivery

Unit – 5

Group Discussion: Introduction, Communication skills in group discussion, Do’s and Dont’s of group discussion

Practical (HU- 182)

1. Basic communication Coverings of the following topics

• Meeting People
• Asking Questions
• Making Friends
• What did you do?
• Do’s and Dont’s

2. Pronunciation covering the following topics

• Pronunciation (Consonant)
• Pronunciation and Noun
• Pronunciation (Vowel Sounds)

3. Advanced Learning

• Listening comprehension / Direct or Indirect speech
• Figures of speech
• Effective communication
• Writing skills
• Effective writing
• Interview handling skills
• E-mail etiquette
• Presentation skills

REMEDIAL BIOLOGY SYLLABUS

Theory (PTB- 184)

Unit – 1

• Living world:
• Definition and characters of living organisms
• Diversity in the living world
• Binomial nomenclature
• Five kingdoms of life and basis of classification. Salient features of Monera, Potista, Fungi, Animalia and Plantae, Virus, Morphology of Flowering plants
• Morphology of different parts of flowering plants – Root, stem, inflorescence, flower, leaf, fruit, seed.
• General Anatomy of Root, stem, leaf of monocotyledons & Dicotylidones.

Unit – 2

• Body fluids and circulation:
• Composition of blood, blood groups, coagulation of blood
• Composition and functions of lymph
• Human circulatory system:
• Structure of human heart and blood vessels
• Cardiac cycle, cardiac output and ECG
• Digestion and Absorption:
• Human alimentary canal and digestive glands
• Role of digestive enzymes
• Digestion, absorption and assimilation of digested food Breathing and respiration
• Human respiratory system:
• Mechanism of breathing and its regulation
• Exchange of gases, transport of gases and regulation of respiration Respiratory volumes

Unit – 3

• Excretory products and their elimination:
• Modes of excretion
• Human excretory system- structure and function
• Urine formation
• Rennin angiotensin system
• Neural control and coordination:
• Definition and classification of nervous system
• Structure of a neuron
• Generation and conduction of nerve impulse
• Structure of brain and spinal cord
• Functions of cerebrum, cerebellum, hypothalamus and medulla oblongata Chemical coordination and regulation
• Endocrine glands and their secretions
• Functions of hormones secreted by endocrine glands
• Human reproduction:
• Parts of female reproductive system
• Parts of male reproductive system
• Spermatogenesis and Oogenesis
• Menstrual cycle

Unit – 4

• Plants and mineral nutrition:
• Essential mineral, macro and micronutrients
• Nitrogen metabolism, Nitrogen cycle, biological nitrogen fixation Photosynthesis
• Autotrophic nutrition, photosynthesis, Photosynthetic pigments, Factors affecting photosynthesis.

Unit – 5

• Plant respiration: Respiration, glycolysis, fermentation (anaerobic).
• Plant growth and development:
• Phases and rate of plant growth, Condition of growth, Introduction to plant growth regulators
• Cell – The unit of life:
• Structure and functions of cell and cell organelles.
• Cell division
• Tissues:
• Definition, types of tissues, location and functions

Practical (PTB- 185)

I. Introduction of the experiments in biology (i) Study of Microscope (ii) Section cutting techniques (iii) Mounting and Staining (iv) Permanent slide presentation.

II. Study of the cell and its inclusions.

III. Study of Stem, Root, Leaf, Fruit, Seed, flower, and their modifications.

IV. Detailed study of the frog by using computer models.

V. Microscopic study and identification of tissues pertinent to Stem, Root, Seed, Leaf, and flower.

VI. Identification of bones.

VII. Determination of blood group.

VIII. Determination of blood pressure.

IX. Determination of tidal volume.

REMEDIAL MATHEMATICS SYLLABUS

Theory (PT- M183)

Unit – 1

• Partial fraction: Introduction, Polynomial, Rational fractions, Proper and Improper fractions, Partial fraction, Resolving into Partial fraction, Application of Partial Fraction in Chemical Kinetics and Pharmacokinetics
• Logarithms: Introduction, Definition, Theorems/Properties of logarithms, Common logarithms, Characteristic and Mantissa, worked examples, application of logarithm to solve pharmaceutical problems.
• Function: Real Valued function, Classification of real valued functions
• Limits and continuity: Introduction , Limit of a function, Definition of limit of a function

Unit – 2

• Matrices and Determinant: Introduction matrices, Types of matrices, Operation on matrices, Transpose of a matrix, Matrix Multiplication, Determinants, Properties of determinants , Product of determinants, Minors and co-Factors, Adjoint or adjugate of a square matrix , Singular and non-singular matrices, Inverse of a matrix, Solution of system of linear of equations using matrix method, Cramer’s rule, Characteristic equation and roots of a square matrix, Cayley–Hamilton theorem, Application of Matrices in solving Pharmacokinetic equations

Unit – 3

• Calculus
• Differentiation : Introductions, Derivative of a function, Derivative of a constant, Derivative of a product of a constant and a function , Derivative of the sum or difference of two functions, Derivative of the product of two functions (product formula), Derivative of the quotient of two functions (Quotient formula) – Without Proof, Derivative of xn w.r.tx, where n is any rational number, Derivative of ex,, Derivative of loge x, Derivative of ax, Derivative of trigonometric functions from first principles (without Proof), Successive Differentiation, Conditions for a function to be a maximum or a minimum at a point.

Unit – 4

• Analytical Geometry
• Introduction: Signs of the Coordinates, Distance formula
• Straight Line : Slope or gradient of a straight line, Conditions for parallelism and perpendicularity of two lines, Slope of a line joining two points, Slope – intercept form of a straight line
• Integration: Introduction, Definition, Standard formulae, Rules of integration , Method of substitution, Method of Partial fractions, Integration by parts, definite integrals, application

Unit – 5

• Differential Equations : Some basic definitions, Order and degree, Equations in separable form , Homogeneous equations, Linear Differential equations, Exact equations, Application in solving Pharmacokinetic equations
• Laplace Transform : Introduction, Definition, Properties of Laplace transform, Laplace Transforms of elementary functions, Inverse Laplace transforms, Laplace transform of derivatives, Application to solve Linear differential equations, Application in solving Chemical kinetics and Pharmacokinetics equations