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PHARMACEUTICAL CHEMISTRY CHAPTER-WISE NOTES ER20-12T CHAPTER – 1
Introduction to Pharmaceutical chemistry: Scope and objectives
Sources and types of errors: Accuracy, precision, significant figures
Impurities in Pharmaceuticals: Source and effect of impurities in Pharmacopeial substances, importance of limit test, Principle and procedures of Limit tests for
chlorides, sulphates, iron, heavy metals and arsenic.
CHAPTER – 2
Volumetric analysis: Fundamentals of volumetric analysis, Acid-base titration, non-aqueous titration, precipitation titration, complexometric titration, redox titration
Gravimetric analysis: Principle and method.
CHAPTER – 3
Inorganic Pharmaceuticals: Pharmaceutical formulations, market preparations, storage conditions and uses of
Haematinics: Ferrous sulphate, Ferrous fumarate, Ferric ammonium citrate, Ferrous ascorbate, Carbonyl iron
Gastro-intestinal Agents: Antacids; Aluminium hydroxide gel, Magnesium hydroxide, Magaldrate, Sodium bicarbonate, Calcium Carbonate, Acidifying agents, Adsorbents, Protectives, Cathartics
Topical agents: Silver Nitrate, Ionic Silver, Chlorhexidine Gluconate, Hydrogen peroxide, Boric acid, Bleaching powder, Potassium permanganate
Dental products: Calcium carbonate, Sodium fluoride, Denture cleaners, Denture adhesives, Mouth washes
Medicinal gases: Carbon dioxide, nitrous oxide, oxygen
CHAPTER – 4
Introduction to nomenclature of organic chemical systems with particular reference to heterocyclic compounds containing up to Three rings
CHAPTER – 5
Drugs Acting on the Central Nervous System
Anaesthetics: Thiopental Sodium, Ketamine Hydrochloride , Propofol
Sedatives and Hypnotics: Diazepam, Alprazolam , Nitrazepam, Phenobarbital*
Antipsychotics: Chlorpromazine Hydrochloride, Haloperidol , Risperidone, Sulpiride , Olanzapine, Quetiapine, Lurasidone
Anticonvulsants: Phenytoin, Carbamazepine , Clonazepam, Valproic Acid, Gabapentin , Topiramate, Vigabatrin, Lamotrigine
Anti-Depressants: Amitriptyline Hydrochloride, Imipramine Hydrochloride , Fluoxetine*, Venlafaxine, Duloxetine, Sertraline, Citalopram, Escitalopram, Fluvoxamine, Paroxetine
CHAPTER – 6
Drugs Acting on Autonomic Nervous System
Sympathomimetic Agents: Direct Acting: NorEpinephrine, Epinephrine, Phenylephrine, Dopamine , Terbutaline, Salbutamol (Albuterol), Naphazoline, Tetrahydrozoline Indirect Acting Agents: Hydroxy Amphetamine, Pseudoephedrine.
Agents With Mixed Mechanism: Ephedrine, Metaraminol Adrenergic Antagonists: Alpha Adrenergic Blockers: Tolazoline, Phentolamine Phenoxybenzamine, Prazosin. Beta Adrenergic Blockers: Propranolol , Atenolol, Carvedilol Cholinergic Drugs and Related Agents: Direct Acting Agents: Acetylcholine , Carbachol, And PilocarpineCholinesterase Inhibitors: Neostigmine, Edrophonium Chloride, Tacrine Hydrochloride, Pralidoxime Chloride, Echothiopate Iodide Cholinergic Blocking Agents: Atropine Sulphate , Ipratropium Bromide
Synthetic Cholinergic Blocking Agents: Tropicamide, Cyclopentolate Hydrochloride, Clidinium Bromide, Dicyclomine Hydrochloride*
CHAPTER – 7
Drugs Acting on Cardiovascular System
Anti-Arrhythmic Drugs: Quinidine Sulphate, Procainamide Hydrochloride, Verapamil, Phenytoin Sodium, Lidocaine Hydrochloride, Lorcainide Hydrochloride, Amiodarone and Sotalol Anti-Hypertensive Agents: Propranolol , Captopril*, Ramipril, Methyldopate Hydrochloride, Clonidine Hydrochloride, Hydralazine Hydrochloride, Nifedipine,
Antianginal Agents: Isosorbide Dinitrate
CHAPTER – 8
Diuretics: Acetazolamide, Frusemide*, Bumetanide, Chlorthalidone, Benzthiazide, Metolazone, Xipamide, Spironolactone
CHAPTER – 9
Hypoglycemic Agents: Insulin and Its Preparations, Metformin, Glibenclamide , Glimepiride, Pioglitazone, Repaglinide, Gliflozins, Gliptins
CHAPTER – 10
Analgesic And Anti-Inflammatory Agents: Morphine Analogues, Narcotic Antagonists
Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Agents (NSAIDs) – Aspirin, Diclofenac, Ibuprofen , Piroxicam, Celecoxib, Mefenamic Acid, Paracetamol*, Aceclofenac
CHAPTER – 11
Anti-Infective Agents
Antifungal Agents: Amphotericin-B, Griseofulvin, Miconazole, Ketoconazole, Itraconazole, Fluconazole , Naftifine Hydrochloride
Urinary Tract Anti-Infective Agents: Norfloxacin, Ciprofloxacin, Ofloxacin, Moxifloxacin,
Anti-Tubercular Agents: INH , Ethambutol, Para Amino Salicylic Acid, Pyrazinamide, Rifampicin, Bedaquiline, Delamanid, Pretomanid*Antiviral Agents: Amantadine Hydrochloride, Idoxuridine, Acyclovir, Foscarnet, Zidovudine, Ribavirin, Remdesivir, Favipiravir
Antimalarials: Quinine Sulphate, Chloroquine Phosphate , Primaquine Phosphate, Mefloquine, Cycloguanil, Pyrimethamine, Artemisinin Sulfonamides: Sulfanilamide, Sulfadiazine, Sulfamethoxazole, Sulfacetamide , Mafenide Acetate, Cotrimoxazole, Dapsone*
CHAPTER – 12
Antibiotics: Penicillin G, Amoxicillin, Cloxacillin, Streptomycin,
Tetracyclines: Doxycycline, Minocycline Macrolides: Erythromycin, Azithromycin Miscellaneous: Chloramphenicol Clindamycin
CHAPTER – 13
Anti-Neoplastic Agents: Cyclophosphamide, Busulfan, Mercaptopurine, Fluorouracil , Methotrexate, Dactinomycin, Doxorubicin Hydrochloride, Vinblastine Sulphate, Cisplatin*, Dromostanolone Propionate
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