PART – 1 Nutrition and Health
Q1. Fluorosis is due to
A. Deficiency of fluorine
B. Excess of fluorine
C. Deficiency of calcium and fluorine
D. None of these
Correct Answer: (B) Excess of fluorine
Q2. Mostly death in PEM is due to all except
A. Hypothermia
B. CCF
C. Worm infection
D. Electrolyte imbalance
Correct Answer: (C) Worm infection
Q3. All the deficiency diseases can be prevented by
A. Cleanliness
B. Taking antibiotics
C. Vaccination
D. Taking balanced diet
Correct Answer: (D) Taking balanced diet
Q4. The human body uses carbohydrates in the form of
A. Glucose
B. Glycogen
C. Starch
D. Enzymes
Correct Answer: (A) Glucose
Q5. What is the mixture of probiotics and prebiotics called
A. Symbiotics
B. Dibiotics
C. Synbiotics
D. None of the above
Correct Answer: (C) Synbiotics
Q6. In protein deficiency all are seen
A. Flaky paint like skin
B. Glossitis
C. Nail change
D. Cherry like skin
Correct Answer: (B) Glossitis
Q7. Which of the following carbohydrates give the instant source of energy
A. Glucose
B. Fructose
C. Cellulose
D. Starch
Correct Answer: (A) Glucose
Q8. How much energy will you get from one gram of glucose
A. 3.8 kilocalories
B. 4.2 kilocalories
C. 4.8 kilocalories
D. 5.2 kilocalories
Correct Answer: (B) 4.2 kilocalories
Q9. Frozen storage is generally operated at temperature of
A. 0°C
B. -18°C
C. -50°C
D. -60°C
Correct Answer: (B) -18°C
Q10. Which of the following is the scientific name of Vitamin K
A. Ascorbic acid
B. Phytonadione
C. Tocopherol
D. Pantothenic Acid
Correct Answer: (B) Phytonadione
Q11. Which is the leading cause of blindness in children worldwide
A. Glaucoma
B. Cataracts
C. Colour blindness
D. Vitamin A deficiency
Correct Answer: (D) Vitamin A deficiency
Q12. Which of the following is the most essential nutrient for a woman during her initial stages of pregnancy to prevent birth defects
A. Thiamin
B. Folic acid
C. Vitamin C
D. Vitamin E
Correct Answer: (B) Folic acid
Q13. Which of the following is a function of insoluble fiber only
A. Regulating blood sugar
B. Regulating the pH of the body
C. Adding bulk to stool
D. Lowering the cholesterol
Correct Answer: (C) Adding bulk to stool
Q14. If someone is deficient in a nutrient, it means
A. They do not eat enough vitamins
B. They do not like nuts
C. They are not eating enough nutrient, and it is giving them symptoms
D. None of these
Correct Answer: (C) They are not eating enough nutrient, and it is giving them symptoms
Q14. If someone is deficient in a nutrient, it means
A. They do not eat enough vitamins
B. They do not like nuts
C. They are not eating enough nutrient, and it is giving them symptoms
D. None of these
Correct Answer: (C) They are not eating enough nutrient, and it is giving them symptoms
Q15. Diseases that spread from one person to another are called
A. Communicable diseases
B. Degenerative diseases
C. Non-communicable diseases
D. None of the above
Correct Answer: (A) Communicable diseases
Q16. Which of these foods have been fortified with vitamin D
A. Milk
B. Oil
C. Wheat flour
D. Both A and B
Correct Answer: (D) Both A and B
Q17. Cystic Fibrosis and Haemophilia are examples of
A. Hereditary diseases
B. Degenerative diseases
C. Deficiency diseases
D. None of the above
Correct Answer: (B) Degenerative diseases
Q18. Kwashiorkor disease is due to
A. Simultaneous deficiency of proteins and fats
B. Simultaneous deficiency of proteins and calories
C. Deficiency of carbohydrates
D. Protein deficiency not accompanied by calorie deficiency
Correct Answer: (D) Protein deficiency not accompanied by calorie deficiency
Q19. All are nutritional disorders associated with over nutrition except
A. Hypervitaminosis
B. Obesity
C. Fluorosis
D. Osteomalacia
Correct Answer: (D) Osteomalacia
Q20. A balanced diet will help prevent
A. Illness
B. Appetite
C. Growth
D. Malnutrition
Correct Answer: (D) Malnutrition
Q21. Calcium deposition in soft tissues is due to
A. Deficiency of vitamin D
B. Excess of vitamin D
C. Excess of vitamin C
D. Deficiency of vitamin C
Correct Answer: (B) Excess of vitamin D
Q22. Which of the following is not a critical factor in the growth of dangerous food borne bacteria
A. Temperature
B. Time
C. Altitude
D. pH level
Correct Answer: (D) pH level
Q23. Protein is essential
A. To maintain proper fluid regulation
B. To add fiber to the diet
C. For brain work
D. To provide instant energy
Correct Answer: (A) To maintain proper fluid regulation
Q24. Which of the following mineral functions by building strong bones and teeth
A. Iodine
B. Calcium
C. Iron
D. Sodium
Correct Answer: (B) Calcium
Q25. A macronutrient is
A. Magnesium
B. Iron
C. Zinc
D. Manganese
Correct Answer: (A) Magnesium
Q26. Which of the following substances are included in the nutrients
A. Proteins
B. Fats
C. Mineral elements
D. All of the above
Correct Answer: (D) All of the above
Q27. What is the formula for glucose
A. C6H12O6
B. C6H6O12
C. C12O6H6
D. C12H6O11
Correct Answer: (A) C6H12O6
Q28. Which of the following diseases is caused by the deficiency of Niacin
A. Scurvy
B. Rickets
C. Pellagra
D. Pernicious anaemia
Correct Answer: (C) Pellagra
Q29. Which of the following is not an infectious disease
A. Dengue
B. Scurvy
C. Typhoid Fever
D. Whooping cough
Correct Answer: (B) Scurvy
Q30. Which of the following vitamins is also known as ascorbic acid
A. Vitamin A
B. Vitamin B
C. Vitamin C
D. Vitamin E
Correct Answer: (C) Vitamin C
Q31. Egg is a rich source of ____
A. Proteins
B. Vitamins
C. Minerals
D. All of the above
Correct Answer: (D) All of the above
Q32. Which of the following nutrients help us to fight diseases
A. Proteins
B. Carbohydrates
C. Vitamins
D. Roughage
Correct Answer: (C) Vitamins
Q33. Monosaccharides are formed by how many sugar molecules
A. Two sugar molecules
B. One sugar molecules
C. Four sugar molecules
D. Three sugar molecules
Correct Answer: (B) One sugar molecules
Q34. Salt is fortified with which form of iodine
A. Potassium iodide
B. Sodium iodide
C. Potassium iodate
D. Sodium iodate
Correct Answer: (C) Potassium iodate
Q35. Which components of food are called body builder
A. Carbohydrates
B. Proteins
C. Vitamins
D. Minerals
Correct Answer: (B) Proteins
Q36. Weakness in muscles and increase in the fragility of red blood cells is caused due to the
A. Deficiency of vitamin E
B. Deficiency of vitamin D
C. Deficiency of vitamin C
D. Deficiency of vitamin A
Correct Answer: (A) Deficiency of vitamin E
Q37. The macronutrient which is a structural component of the cell wall and activates the enzymes is
A. Boron dioxide
B. Carbon monoxide
C. Nitrogen dioxide
D. Calcium
Correct Answer: (D) Calcium
Q38. Term used for live bacteria found in yogurt
A. Antibiotics
B. Adjuvants
C. Prebiotics
D. Probiotics
Correct Answer: (D) Probiotics
Q39. Which of the following are energy-giving foods
A. Fats
B. Carbohydrates
C. Both (a) and (b)
D. None of these
Correct Answer: (C) Both (a) and (b)
Q40. The most significant and essential required for our body is
A. Iron
B. Sodium
C. Calcium
D. All of the above
Correct Answer: (D) All of the above
Q41. Which of the following are the micronutrients
A. Vitamins and minerals
B. Proteins and vitamins
C. Carbohydrates and fats
D. Proteins and minerals
Correct Answer: (A) Vitamins and minerals
Q42. Which of the following is not a nutrient
A. Carbohydrates
B. Fats
C. Water
D. Vitamins
Correct Answer: (C) Water
Q43. Xerophthalmia caused due to the deficiency of
A. Vitamin A
B. Vitamin B
C. Vitamin C
D. Vitamin E
Correct Answer: (A) Vitamin A
Q44. Malnutrition means
A. A person is not eating properly
B. May mean undernutrition or overnutrition
C. Someone is starved
D. Someone is eating too much
Correct Answer: (B) May mean undernutrition or overnutrition
Q45. The most common symptom of food borne illness is
A. Kidney failure
B. Diarrhea
C. Skin rash
D. Headache
Correct Answer: (B) Diarrhea
Q46. Which of the following diseases is caused by protein deficiency
A. Anaemia
B. Kwashiorkor
C. Hypothyroidism
D. All of the above
Correct Answer: (B) Kwashiorkor
Q47. Which of the following nutrients is the energy producer
A. Carbohydrates and proteins
B. Proteins and fats
C. Carbohydrates and fats
D. Proteins and vitamins
Correct Answer: (C) Carbohydrates and fats
Q48. Which of the following food source are the best sources of vitamin A
A. Sweet potato
B. Poultry
C. Legumes
D. Dairy products
Correct Answer: (A) Sweet potato
Q49. A diet high in saturated fats can be linked to which of the following
A. Kidney failure
B. Bulimia
C. Anorexia
D. Cardiovascular disease
Correct Answer: (D) Cardiovascular disease
Q50. Starch can be tested by using
A. Iodine solution
B. Caustic soda
C. Copper sulphate
D. Fehling’s solution
Correct Answer: (A) Iodine solution
Q51. People over the age of 65 may have a poor appetite, this may effect
A. Their nutritional intake
B. The amount of exercise they intake
C. Their sleep pattern
D. Their weight
Correct Answer: (A) Their nutritional intake
Q52. Which of the following food products are the best sources of animal proteins
A. Milk
B. Egg
C. Cheese
D. All of the above
Correct Answer: (D) All of the above
Q53. Excessive bleeding during an injury is a deficiency of
A. Vitamin A
B. Vitamin B
C. Vitamin K
D. Vitamin E
Correct Answer: (C) Vitamin K
Q54. In the nutrition, micronutrients are the substance which are needed in small amount in the body and these are
A. Proteins
B. Fats
C. Vitamins
D. Carbohydrates
Correct Answer: (C) Vitamins
Q55. The brain and RBC needs energy source in the form of
A. Proteins
B. Glucose
C. Fats
D. Enzymes
Correct Answer: (B) Glucose
Q56. In which form body stores glucose
A. Cellulose
B. Starch
C. Glycogen and cellulose
D. Glycogen
Correct Answer: (D) Glycogen
Q57. Which of the following combinations are not matched
A. Vitamin D – Rickets
B. Thiamine – Beriberi
C. Vitamin K – Sterility
D. Niacin – Pellagra
Correct Answer: (C) Vitamin K – Sterility
Q58. Which of the following vitamin is also known as niacin and plays a vital role in many digestive tract functions
A. Vitamin B1
B. Vitamin B2
C. Vitamin B3
D. Vitamin B12
Correct Answer: (C) Vitamin B3
Q59. Which of the following is called metabolic regulators
A. Vitamins and minerals
B. Vitamins and water
C. Minerals and roughage
D. Carbohydrates and vitamins
Correct Answer: (A) Vitamins and minerals
Q60. Which of the following diseases is an example of non-communicable diseases
A. Cancer
B. Diabetes
C. Hypertension
D. All of the above
Correct Answer: (D) All of the above
Q61. Oligosaccharide are formed by how many sugar molecules
A. 2 to 5 monosugars
B. 3 to 6 monosugars
C. 5 to 10 monosugars
D. 2 to 10 monosugars
Correct Answer: (D) 2 to 10 monosugars
Q62. The elements present in the carbohydrates are
A. Carbon, hydrogen and oxygen
B. Carbon, hydrogen and nitrogen
C. Hydrogen, oxygen and sulphur
D. Carbon, oxygen and nitrogen
Correct Answer: (A) Carbon, hydrogen and oxygen
Q63. Fruits and vegetables are important because
A. They give you energy
B. They provide you with a wide variety of vitamins, minerals, and nutrients
C. They are colourful
D. They are easily available
Correct Answer: (B) They provide you with a wide variety of vitamins, minerals, and nutrients
Q64. Which of the following is not a dairy product
A. Milk
B. Yogurt
C. Fromagefrais
D. Veal
Correct Answer: (D) Veal
Q65. The macronutrients include all except
A. Potassium
B. Iron
C. Magnesium
D. Nitrogen
Correct Answer: (B) Iron
Q66. What is meant by enrichment in grain products
A. Replacement of lost vitamins and minerals
B. Adding all minerals
C. Removal of vitamins and minerals
D. Adding all vitamins
Correct Answer: (A) Replacement of lost vitamins and minerals
Q67. Meat, fish and other alternatives provide the following important nutrient
A. Carbohydrate
B. Protein
C. Sugar
D. Fiber
Correct Answer: (B) Protein
Q68. Who is most likely to develop scurvy – A vitamin C deficiency
A. A pregnant woman
B. A malnourished child
C. A long-time alcoholic
D. A person with the eating disorder anorexia nervosa
Correct Answer: (C) A long-time alcoholic
Q69. Which of the following food sources has the highest levels of vitamin C?
A. Parsley
B. Broccoli
C. Black currants
D. Orange juice
Correct Answer: (C) Black currants
Q70. The ____ term is used to study the food, composition of food, amount of food which is needed by the body and its effect on the body
A. Nutrition
B. Balanced diet
C. Food
D. RDA and GDA
Correct Answer: (A) Nutrition
Q71. The Deficiency of vitamin E leads to
A. Soft Bones
B. Bleeding in gums
C. Weakness in muscles
D. Neurological disorders
Correct Answer: (C) Weakness in muscles
Q72. What is the minimum temperature to which ground beef should be cooked to make sure it is free from harmful bacteria
A. 220°F
B. 140°F
C. 165°F
D. 350°F
Correct Answer: (D) 350°F
Q73. Which of the following statements is false about Ascorbic acid
A. It shows antioxidant activity
B. It is a strong reducing agent
C. It can be synthesized in the body
D. Involved in the hydroxylation of prolyl- and lysyl-residues of collagen
Correct Answer: (C) It can be synthesized in the body
Q74. Oil fortified with this nutrient to prevent visual impairment
A. Zinc
B. Vitamin D
C. Vitamin C
D. Vitamin A
Correct Answer: (D) Vitamin A
Q75. Goitre and the enlarged thyroid gland are mainly diagnosed in patients with deficiencies of which of the following minerals
A. Iron
B. Iodine
C. Calcium
D. Phosphorus
Correct Answer: (B) Iodine
Q76. The disease which is caused by protein energy malnutrition is
A. Tuberculosis
B. Marasmus
C. Goiter
D. Angina
Correct Answer: (B) Marasmus
Q77. Sugar and salt act as preservative by
A. Killing microorganism directly
B. Increasing the water content of food
C. Increasing the acid content of the food
D. Binding water so it is not available for microorganism
Correct Answer: (D) Binding water so it is not available for microorganism
Q78. Which of the following statements is false about nutrients in milk
A. Milk is good source of calcium
B. Milk is good source of protein
C. Milk is good source of vitamin C
D. Milk is good source of vitamin D
Correct Answer: (C) Milk is good source of vitamin C
Q79. Which of the following are the examples of monosaccharides
A. Glucose, galactose and fructose
B. Galactose, maltose
C. Cellulose, starch and glycogen
D. Glucose and cellulose
Correct Answer: (A) Glucose, galactose and fructose
Q80. The condition of inflammation and cracking of skin at corners of mouth is
A. Pellagra
B. Cheilosis
C. Scurvy
D. Rickets
Correct Answer: (B) Cheilosis
Q81. Which of the following food components is rich in fat
A. Rice and maize
B. Milk, egg and beans
C. Butter, cheese and oil
D. None of the above
Correct Answer: (C) Butter, cheese and oil
Q82. How cold should your refrigerator be to minimize the risk of food poisoning
A. 35°F or colder
B. 40°F or colder
C. 45°F or colder
D. 50°F or colder
Correct Answer: (B) 40°F or colder
Q83. Which organ of human body stores glucose in the form of glycogen
A. Lungs
B. Liver and muscles
C. Stomach and muscles
D. Small intestine
Correct Answer: (B) Liver and muscles
Q84. Which of the following vitamins is also known as cobalamin
A. Vitamin B11
B. Vitamin B2
C. Vitamin B6
D. Vitamin B12
Correct Answer: (D) Vitamin B12
Q85. The most important factors that affect our nutritional requirements are
A. Weight and appetite
B. Growth and activity
C. Weight and activity
D. Appetite and growth
Correct Answer: (B) Growth and activity
Q86. Which of the following nutrient deficiency causes megaloblasticaemia
A. Folic acid
B. Niacin
C. Pyridoxine
D. Cobalamin
Correct Answer: (A) Folic acid
Q87. In the nutrition, the carbohydrate are classified into
A. Sugars
B. Animal fats
C. Fish oil
D. Cooking oil
Correct Answer: (A) Sugars
Q88. When it comes to food safety, which of the following is the best material for a cutting board
A. Wood
B. Plastic or acrylic
C. Glass
D. Velcro
Correct Answer: (B) Plastic or acrylic
Q89. The following is false regarding complications of protein energy malnutrition
A. Hyperglycemia
B. Hypothermia
C. Septic shock
D. Electrolyte imbalance
Correct Answer: (A) Hyperglycemia
Q90. Beriberi is due the deficiency of
A. Vitamin D
B. Vitamin A
C. Vitamin B1
D. Vitamin C
Correct Answer: (C) Vitamin B1
Q91. The name of fiber supplement is
A. Ispaghol husk
B. Cumin husk
C. Coriander husk
D. Mint husk
Correct Answer: (A) Ispaghol husk
Q92. Food fortification affects
A. Smell of the food
B. Taste of food
C. Appearance of food
D. No effect on organoleptic properties
Correct Answer: (D) No effect on organoleptic properties
Q93. Which food is associated with the most cases of foodborne illness due to salmonellosis
A. Raw chicken
B. Raw eggs
C. Raw vegetables
D. None of the above
Correct Answer: (B) Raw eggs
Q94. A disease characterizes by the abnormal enlargement of thyroid gland is
A. Anaemia
B. Brittle bones
C. Rickets
D. Goiter
Correct Answer: (D) Goiter
Q95. All of the following are the components of foods except
A. Carbohydrates
B. Proteins
C. Vitamines
D. Fiber
Correct Answer: (D) Fiber
Q96. Condensation of glucose molecules (C6H12O6) results in
A. Starch
B. Cellulose
C. Glycogen
D. Glucagon
Correct Answer: (D) Glucagon
Q97. The kind of malnutrition (PEM) stands for
A. Pepsin energy malnutrition
B. Protein excess malnutrition
C. Protein energy malnutrition
D. Pepsin enzyme malnutrition
Correct Answer: (C) Protein energy malnutrition
Q98. A macronutrient which is component of all organic compounds but is not a mineral element is
A. C
B. Mg
C. P
D. Fe
Correct Answer: (C) P
Q99. Which of the following food items provides dietary fibre
A. Pulses
B. Wholegrain
C. Fruits and vegetables
D. All of the above
Correct Answer: (D) All of the above
Q100. Increasing the acid content of a food is effective in preventing the growth of
A. Clostridium botulinum
B. Salmonella
C. Molds
D. Yeasts
Correct Answer: (A) Clostridium botulinum
Q101. Which of the following foods should be avoided in pregnancy
A. Meat
B. Fish
C. Eggs
D. Unpasteurized cheeses
Correct Answer: (D) Unpasteurized cheeses
Q102. Bleeding disease is due to the deficiency of
A. Vitamin A
B. Vitamin D
C. Vitamin K
D. Vitamin E
Correct Answer: (C) Vitamin K
Q103. What was the original purpose of food fortification
A. To lower cholesterol
B. To decrease the occurrence of nutrient deficiencies
C. To increase absorption of nutrients on the digestive tract
D. None of the above
Correct Answer: (B) To decrease the occurrence of nutrient deficiencies
Q104. Double fortified salt is fortified with
A. Iron
B. Iodine
C. Iron and iodine
D. None of these
Correct Answer: (C) Iron and iodine
Q105. Breastfeeding and bottle – feeding have the following important difference
A. Breastfeeding
B. Bottle – feeding
C. Breast milk contains antibodies that protect the baby from infection
D. Formula milk contains antibodies that protect the baby from infection
Correct Answer: (C) Breast milk contains antibodies that protect the baby from infection
Q106. Which of the following are the examples of oligosaccharides / Disaccharides
A. Maltose, sucrose, lactose
B. Lactose, sucrose
C. Maltose, sucrose, cellulose
D. None of the above
Correct Answer: (A) Maltose, sucrose, lactose
Q107. Deficiency of calcium may lead to a condition called
A. Goiter
B. Anaemia
C. Tetany
D. Scurvy
Correct Answer: (C) Tetany
Q108. Rice is fortified with which nutrient
A. Vitamin A and vitamin D
B. Iron, folic acid and vitamin B12
C. Folic acid, vitamin B12 and vitamin D
D. Vitamin A, iron and vitamin C
Correct Answer: (B) Iron, folic acid and vitamin B12
Q109. What is the main action of dietary fibers
A. To ensure proper functioning of the liver
B. To secrete hormones
C. To maintain pH
D. To make changes to how nutrients and chemical are absorbed
Correct Answer: (D) To make changes to how nutrients and chemical are absorbed
Q110. Carbohydrates are found in
A. Rice
B. Carrot
C. Lemon
D. Pulses
Correct Answer: (A) Rice
Q111. Which of the following is a fat-soluble vitamin
A. Vitamin B
B. Vitamin C
C. Vitamin B₁₂
D. Vitamin K
Correct Answer: (D) Vitamin K
Q112. This vitamin is needed to prevent a birth defect called spinal bifida
A. Vitamin D
B. Vitamin A
C. Folate
D. Vitamin E
Correct Answer: (C) Folate
Q113. Cyanocobalamine deficiency is the reason of
A. Pernicious anaemia
B. Microcytic anaemia
C. Macrocytic anaemia
D. Pellagra
Correct Answer: (A) Pernicious anaemia
Q114. Which of the following food components does not provide any nutrients
A. Milk
B. Water
C. Fruit juice
D. Vegetable soup
Correct Answer: (B) Water
Q115. Which of the following bacteria are responsible for causing the greatest number of food borne illnesses
A. E.coli
B. Salmonella
C. Botulism
D. Listeria
Correct Answer: (B) Salmonella
Q116. This is a major macronutrient, component of vitamins and enzymes
A. Sea salt
B. Sulphur
C. Carbon dioxide
D. Calcium phosphate
Correct Answer: (B) Sulphur
Q117. Which of the following is a water-soluble vitamin
A. Vitamin B1
B. Vitamin C
C. Vitamin B2
D. All of the above
Correct Answer: (D) All of the above
Q118. Name the disease caused by the deficiency of iron
A. Scurvy
B. Anaemia
C. Rickets
D. Pellagra
Correct Answer: (B) Anaemia
Q119. The first synthetic sweetening agent used was
A. Saccharin
B. Cyclamates
C. Aspartame
D. Sucralose
Correct Answer: (A) Saccharin
Q120. This nutrient is needed for making hormones, healthier skin, and to make cell membranes
A. Fat
B. Carbohydrate
C. Fiber
D. Vitamin B12
Correct Answer: (A) Fat
Q121. What is Fortification of food
A. Deliberately increasing the content of an essential micronutrient in food
B. Providing tablets containing vitamins and minerals along with food
C. Proper cooking and storage of food to avoid loss of nutrients
D. Ensuring minimum amount of nutrients in food
Correct Answer: (A) Deliberately increasing the content of an essential micronutrient in food
Q122. The carbohydrates, proteins, fats are the nutrients which are needed by the body in large amount and this is called as
A. Micronutrients
B. Macronutrients
C. Artificial nutrients
D. None of them
Correct Answer: (B) Macronutrients
Q123. Which of the following products are fortified in India?
A. Milk and oil
B. Salt
C. Wheat flour and rice
D. All of these
Correct Answer: (D) All of these
Q124. Which of the following is not a component of food
A. Fats
B. Fibres
C. Water
D. None of above
Correct Answer: (D) None of above
Q125. Starch(C6H1005)n is broken down to form glucose(C6H1206) units when hydrolysed by
A. Alkaline base
B. Acidic base
C. Neutral base
D. Salty base
Correct Answer: (B) Acidic base